Pengaruh Metode Quenching dan Tempering Terhadap Kekerasan Material Hot rolled Plate (HRP) Steel
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Keywords:
armor, holding time, HRP Steel, quenching, tempering
Abstract
Hot rolled plate steel as a material to be used for steel armor needs to have the characteristics of a high hardness value. Medium carbon steel as the basic material is quenched at a temperature of 900 oC and tempering is carried out at a temperature of 125 oC and 175 oC with a holding time of 30 minutes. The Ms value is a benchmark for changes in martensite which is influenced by the constituent elements of the material. The use of water as a quench medium changes the structure of austenite to martensite. The martensite structure that occurs increases the optimum hardness value in HRP Steel material. The tempering process carried out above the Ms value causes a decrease in the hardness value. The highest hardness value was obtained in the quenching process with 542 HV which was influenced by the distribution of martensite. The decrease in hardness value occurs due to the tempering process, the average hardness value at temper 125 oC is 524.4 HV and 175 oC is 524 HV.
References
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[2] N. Afiana, M. Chamim, and A. R. S. Nurhidayat, “Invertigasi Pengaruh Heat Treatment Terhadap Kekerasan Baja Karbon S40C Pada Progressive Dies,” J. Foundry, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 19–24, 2022.
[3] Yurianto et al., “Hardness and impact energy absorbed produced by Q&T steel and DQ&T teel,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 602, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/602/1/012087.
[4] X. Zhu, K. Ogi, and N. Okabe, “Improved Workability of Diameter-Enlarged Process for S35C through Quenching and Tempering Heat Treatment,” Mater. Sci. Forum, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://www.scientific.net/MSF.943.26.
[5] C. Kang et al., “Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of PESR 55Cr17Mo1VN plastic die steel during quenching and tempering treatment,” J. Iron Steel …, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s42243-021-00689-w.
[6] X. Li, L. Shi, Y. Liu, K. Gan, and C. Liu, “Achieving a desirable combination of mechanical properties in HSLA steel through step quenching,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 772, no. October, p. 138683, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2019.138683.
[7] C. Sun, S. L. Liu, R. D. K. Misra, Q. Li, and D. H. Li, “Influence of intercritical tempering temperature on impact toughness of a quenched and tempered medium-Mn steel: Intercritical tempering versus traditional tempering,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 711, no. September 2017, pp. 484–491, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2017.11.072.
[8] H. Jo et al., “Effects of cooling rate during quenching and tempering conditions on microstructures and mechanical properties of carbon steel flange,” Materials (Basel)., vol. 13, no. 18, 2020, doi: 10.3390/MA13184186.
[9] Q. X. Dai, X. N. Cheng, Y. T. Zhao, X. M. Luo, and Z. Z. Yuan, “Design of martensite transformation temperature by calculation for austenitic steels,” Mater. Charact., vol. 52, no. 4–5, pp. 349–354, 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.06.008.
[10] H. S. Yang, J. H. Jang, H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, and D. W. Suh, “Critical assessment: Martensite-start temperature for the γ → ε transformation,” Calphad Comput. Coupling Phase Diagrams Thermochem., vol. 36, pp. 16–22, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.calphad.2011.10.008.
[11] G. Mandal, S. K. Ghosh, and S. Chatterjee, “Effect of thermomechanical controlled processing and quenching & Tempering on the structure and properties of bainite-martensite steels,” Arch. Metall. Mater., vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 861–868, 2020, doi: 10.24425/amm.2020.132832.
[12] A. J. Clarke et al., “Perspectives on Quenching and Tempering 4340 Steel,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci., vol. 51, no. 10, pp. 4984–5005, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s11661-020-05972-1.
[13] A. R. S. Nurhidayat, N. A. S. Laksana, and Y. Yurianto, “Peranan Parameter Quench dan Temper Pada Ketangguhan Carbon-Manganese Steel,” Infotekmesin, vol. 14, no. 01, pp. 56–61, 2023, doi: 10.35970/infotekmesin.v14i1.1566.
[14] D. Foster et al., “In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction during quenching and tempering of SAE 52100 steel,” Mater. Today Commun., vol. 29, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352492821009168.
[15] G. Krauss, Quench and Tempered Martensitic Steels: Microstructures and Performance, vol. 12. Elsevier, 2014.
[16] S. NUGROHO and G. HARYADI, “Pengaruh Media Quenching Air Tersirkulasi (Circulated Water) Terhadap Struktur Mikro Dan Kekerasan Pada Baja Aisi 1045,” Rotasi, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 19–23, 2005.
[17] C. Celada-Casero, C. Kwakernaak, J. Sietsma, and M. J. Santofimia, “The influence of the austenite grain size on the microstructural development during quenching and partitioning processing of a low-carbon steel,” Mater. Des., vol. 178, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107847.
[18] Y. Yurianto, A. Suprihanto, S. H. Suryo, Y. Umardani, and P. Yanuar, “Effect of austenite temperature and holding time to impact energy and wear on HRP steel,” Eastern-European J. Enterp. Technol., vol. 12, no. 103, pp. 45–51, 2020, doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.156798.
[19] K. Chen et al., “Enhanced mechanical properties by retained austenite in medium–carbon Si-rich microalloyed steel treated by quenching–tempering, austempering and austempering–tempering processes,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A, vol. 790, no. April, p. 139742, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2020.139742.
[20] S. Pashangeh, M. C. Somani, S. S. Ghasemi Banadkouki, H. R. Karimi Zarchi, P. Kaikkonen, and D. A. Porter, “On the decomposition of austenite in a high-silicon medium-carbon steel during quenching and isothermal holding above and below the Ms temperature,” Mater. Charact., vol. 162, no. December 2019, p. 110224, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2020.110224.
[21] L. S. Malinov, I. E. Malysheva, E. S. Klimov, and ..., “Effect of particular combinations of quenching, tempering and carburization on abrasive wear of low-carbon manganese steels with metastable austenite,” Mater. Sci. …, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://www.scientific.net/MSF.945.574.
Published
2023-07-31
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2023 Akhlis Rahman Sari Nurhidayat, Nur Akhlis Sarihidaya Laksana, Yurianto Yurianto
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